The Work Of A Human Resource Agent Complex - 856 Words

The more I read about employment law, the more I find the work of a human resource agent complex, to say the least. Every decision made in the hiring process will include several employees who all feel qualified for the position and HR’s duty to ensure the choice is qualified, but that is only the beginning of the process. Also in consideration is the relationship to race, sex and national origin of the hired applicant, but more important are the race, sex and national origin of those not hired in compliance with affirmative action. Thus the questions asked at a job interview are more directly related to HR’s intent than I had ever imagined. Our text refers to three factors that discrimination still exist, and the third are results from field, laboratory and survey studies, which indicated, of applicants in a random job posting all having equal qualifications, participants with white sounding names where called back more than half as much as those with black sounding names (Walsh, 2013). This research also showed disparity in individuals with Arab and South Asian persons, while females reported experiencing discrimination twenty-two percent of the time, especially during compensation and promotion. Discrimination and inequality simply continue to be a part of the hiring landscape in our culture and the most prominent form of rehabilitation seems to reflect a ‘hit em where it hurts’ mentality of high compensation litigation. An article in Inside Counsel indicatesShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Multi Agent Systems844 Words   |  3 PagesMulti Agent System (MAS) Understanding how independent agents work together and cooperate to exceed every task they face is the major goal of multi agent systems (MAS). MAS is a group of autonomous entities which simultaneously occur at the same time, taking what they need from common resources, and communicating with each other in different ways (Cormas). In addition, multi agent systems are considered a distributed system because of how independently agents are communicated despite of their differentRead MoreTrack1130 Words   |  5 Pages [pic] To: Kathleen Hicks CC: Human Resources Date: 1/26/12 Re: Training Materials: Internal Revenue Agents This is in reply to your request for information about internal revenue agents. The material will help inform new employees about the demands and job requirements of an IRS agent. The information will be separated into several categories; necessary qualities, prior experience, and daily duties. Mrs. Angela Overstreet, IRS agent, happily helped our team gather informationRead MoreApplication Of The System Analysis1186 Words   |  5 Pagesthe system analysis process. The goal of the construction project is to produce the building within time and cost constraint. The input of this SoS is scarce resources – Manpower, Money, Material, Method, Minute (time), and information. In other word, each constituent system has its own resource for its operation – human agents, resources, information, and tasks. The performance of the SoS should be assessed at any level. 2. Characterize the system under study This element is about the understandingRead MoreAdvantages and Challenges of Using MAS730 Words   |  3 Pagesand challenges of using MAS Multi agent systems are the same of any system that have advantages and disadvantages. Multi agent systems consist of several autonomous agents that work together for the same goal with different interests. Therefore, MAS is decentralized system, which does not give an attention to one of its agent’s failure, it will keep moving to reach its goal. Conversely, a single agent will stop working if there is any failure within its resource or performance, because it is a centralizedRead MoreCombating Threat From Social Engineering1137 Words   |  5 PagesHuman - The Biggest Barrier in Combating Threat from Social engineering Abstract: Organizations are taking computer security more seriously every day, investing huge amounts of money in creating stronger defenses including firewalls, anti-virus software, biometrics and identity access badges. These measures have made the business world more effective at blocking threats from the outside, and made it increasingly difficult for hackers or viruses to penetrate systems. But there are still threats thatRead MoreEssay on Human Resource Management1057 Words   |  5 PagesHuman resource management (HRM) is the strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organizations most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business.[1] The terms human resource management and human resources (HR) have largely replaced the term personnel management as a description of the processes involved in managing people in organizations.[1] Human Resource management is evolving rapidl yRead MoreReasons Human Resource Manager Is Very Important to All Subordinates Including All Managers1215 Words   |  5 Pagesemploys. Staffing and human resource management decisions and methods are critical to ensuring that the organization hires and keeps the right personnel. This involves integrating the vision of the organisation with the human resource management policies. The four key roles for the Human resource manager in an organisation can be identifies as follows; I. Strategic partner II. Administrative expert III. Employee champion IV. Change agent Strategic manager: Human resource managers are part ofRead MoreBusiness Analysis : Australia, Insurance Australia Group ( Iag )1464 Words   |  6 Pagessuch as India and the Philippines, due to the reduced labour and operations costs (IBISWorld). It is vital for call centres domestically to operate efficiently, maximising the efforts of a highly labour intensive industry of skilled customer service agents. Furthermore, it has been identified that customer behaviour is changing and there is a stronger desire to have a wider choice available, which leads to the requirement to have a multi-channel offering, to which call centres will need to play an integralRead MoreHayek Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pagesorder† refers to the use of knowledge in a rational form. According to Hayek â€Å"data†, from which the economic calculus starts, are not â€Å"given† for the whole society. Knowledge is limited when given to us, therefore the need for the best allocation of resources in order to be economically efficient. b. What does Hayek mean by â€Å"dispersed bits of incomplete and frequently contradictory knowledge†? It means that people of different spheres of life will have a specific knowledge that they will utilizeRead MoreEmployee Training and Career Development Essay1296 Words   |  6 Pagesthe value of each employee and the job he or she performs will contribute to a workplace environment that inspires, supports, and rewards employee development. Training is important to an organization’s development because jobs have become more complex and affected by advances in technology and corporate changes. For these reasons, training concentrates on an employee’s current position and develops job-specific skills and abilities necessary for the successful performance of his or her job.

`` Looks Like 10 Miles Of Bad Road Cheating, Gaming,...

Introduction School leadership has become an increasingly difficult and pressure-packed role in recent years due in large part to a new climate of accountability and measurement stemming from Federal educational policies such as the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) and continuing with the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). With increasing pressure to raise student test scores and subsequently overall school performance ratings, administrators and teachers in some schools and districts have unfortunately begun using strategies, which are not ethical (and sometimes illegal) to increase student achievement. This paper is in response to a fictional case study based on the article entitled, â€Å"Looks Like 10 Miles of Bad Road: Cheating, Gaming, Mistrust, and an Interim Principal in an Urban Texas High School,† written by David E. DeMatthews of The University of Texas at El Paso, which was published in the Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership in 2014. This paper will briefly introduce the background of the fictional case, before identifying the relevant Educational Leadership Constituent Council (ELCC) Standards and the manner in which they could be applied to create a plan of action for the administrator referenced in this scenario. Next, will be a discussion of the difficulty associated with competing realities faced in this case, before a final discussion of how this case study and similar scenarios relate to the preparation of effective school leaders. Background WhileShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity

Biotechnology In Food Essay Research Paper REG free essay sample

Biotechnology In Food Essay, Research Paper REG MITCHELL # 8217 ; s defense mechanism of # 8220 ; Frankenfoods # 8221 ; # 8212 ; genetically engineered ( GE ) farm merchandises # 8212 ; in his Oct. 9 article # 8220 ; Alleged Frankenfoods have no more pathogens than are found in nature # 8221 ; is a repeat of the mantra we hear daily from the planetary corporations that dominate agricultural biotechnology. His chief point seems to be that since life abounds with hazards of assorted sorts ( cancer-inducing elements in the environment, the hazard of being hit by a truck ) we shouldn # 8217 ; t be concerned about the possibility of adding another one to the list. He suggests biotechnology is an unstoppable world, with half of U.S. soya beans planted this twelvemonth to GE seeds, every bit good as half of Canada # 8217 ; s canola harvest. He could hold added the huge land areas of genetically modified ( GM ) cotton, maize and murphies turning in North America this twelvemonth. Such harvests are expected to treble in usage worldwide in the following few old ages, he writes. We will write a custom essay sample on Biotechnology In Food Essay Research Paper REG or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The projections quoted by Prof. Mitchell may non happen. The European Union will non accept GM merchandises, and this is doing awful selling jobs for North American husbandmans. It is going obvious we can non coerce Europeans to take such merchandises, even though Canada and the U.S. are utilizing the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) in an attempt to make so. Most big European and British supermarket ironss have removed GE merchandises from their shelves, and the largest European nutrient processors ( Nestle and Unilever ) will no longer utilize GM merchandises. All this is being reflected in the market # 8212 ; non-GM nutrients are now selling at a higher monetary value than genetically altered harvests. And there is a scramble by husbandmans to happen non-GM seed for seting following twelvemonth # 8212 ; there may non be plenty to run into the lifting demand. Mitchell tells us GM harvests will cut down the usage of weedkillers and insect powders. In fact, the whole point of GM soybean and canola is to let any sum of Monsanto # 8217 ; s weed killer # 8220 ; Roundup # 8221 ; to be sprayed on them without harming the harvest. Biotech corporations have engineered the of course happening Bt insect powder into every cell of harvests of murphies, maize and cotton, even though they know this guarantees Bt will be useless in a really few old ages as insects resistant to it quickly multiply. Organic agriculturists will hold lost the lone insect powder they are allowed to utilize. And recent research has shown pollen floating from a maize harvest into which Bt has been engineered will kill non-target species such as the Monarch butterfly. # 8220 ; Genetic impetus # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; familial pollution # 8221 ; into non-GM harvests or weedy relations is turning out to be much more prevailing and its deductions more serious than biotech research workers predicted. Mitchell says familial technology can be expected to assist feed a hungry universe. This everyday claim of the biotechnology industry is profoundly resented in developing states, where it # 8217 ; s well-known the existent causes of hungriness are poorness and unjust nutrient distribution. In any instance, most GE harvests produce less nutrient than do normal seeds — about seven per cent lower in the instance of the 1998 U.S. soybean harvest. In a peculiarly baronial part to the alleviation of universe hungriness, the biotech industry programs to offer husbandmans seeds that die after bring forthing one harvest, coercing them to return to the company for new, expensive seed each twelvemonth. # 8220 ; To fulfill authorities ordinance, such harvests are strictly tested to find hazard, # 8221 ; writes Mitchell. Surely he knows that, in fact, no research has been done anyplace on the consequence of GE nutrients on worlds. The British Medical Association has warned the U.K. authorities non plenty is known about these nutrients to let them on the market. In Canada, nevertheless, we have adopted the philosophy of # 8220 ; significant equality # 8221 ; # 8212 ; if it looks like a murphy it is a murphy, and no farther questions are necessary. Prof. Mitchell advises us to seek out the Health Canada Web site in order to be assured of the safety of # 8220 ; novel nutrients, # 8221 ; as genetically altered merchandises are called. That # 8217 ; s a good suggestion # 8212 ; at the site, you will happen that a corporation wishing to market a # 8220 ; novel nutrient # 8221 ; need non seek blessing from Health Canada. It has simply to advise the section of its purposes 45 yearss before selling the merchandise, along with informations guaranting its safety. Health Canada can inquire for more information if it wishes. And that # 8217 ; s it # 8212 ; there is no proving of such nutrients in public research labs. If an independent scientist ( Prof. Mitchell, for illustration ) wished to look into that information, he would hold to utilize the freedom of information procedure to acquire it, and even so it would merely be released if the corporation in inquiry agreed. In the scientific procedure, research workers usually publish their consequences so co-workers around the universe can verify or confute their consequences, or utilize them as a springboard from which to press the work farther. In biotech research, the war cry is secrecy. You don # 8217 ; t print without corporate permission, and you surely don # 8217 ; t print anything that might reflect unfavorably on the merchandise the company is forcing. There are surveies demoing corporate support is a really effectual manner of guaranting research will be favorable to the patronizing company # 8217 ; s merchandises. Finally, there is the impact of familial technology on modern agriculture. The merchandises of GE require high-input, high-capital operations, and are designed to ease large-scale, continuous-cropping monocultures. This is the antithesis of sustainable agribusiness in which harvest rotary motions, care of dirt construction and birthrate, and natural pest-control methods are valued. Biotechnology in agribusiness is, of class, the antonym of organic agribusiness, and public concerns about it will rush the already phenomenal addition in demand for organic green goods.

Phoenix Wolfgang Amadeus by Phoenix free essay sample

So, Phoenix up until this point has been an indie band with a great alternative sound. Their lyrics are poetic to the point where youll take the time to ponder what some lines truly mean. But that is the past, Phoenix has arrived with their fourth studio album. In short, its great. Soft melodic vocals paired with an electric feeling, alternative style, prove Phoenix is heading in the right direction with this new album. While some Phoenix veterans may agree this is a completely new sound for the group, I disagree. You can notice how theyve actually kept a lot of the vibe the same. Phoenix, in the past has had many instrumental songs that were never really fan-favorite songs but they never stopped appearing in their albums, almost like a signature of theirs, and surely enough, theres an instrumental song on the album. But now to the sound, Phoenix used to have a mellow, quiet, vibe to them but now theres an energetic, electric, yet still poetic feel. We will write a custom essay sample on Phoenix Wolfgang Amadeus by Phoenix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I urge you to go and listen to a few of the tracks. Even naysayers of their genre can agree that the songs certainly feature poetic brilliance.

Where knowledge touches lives an Example by

Where knowledge touches lives Developmental psychology stresses the fact that the environment plays a major role in molding the level of motivation and interest among human beings. Consequently, if a student finds a certain institution to be academically competent, there also appears an inner urge of standard on how he or she may be able to survive with the arena which the individual may want to pursue and build ones future. There are several institutions offering Physician Assistant Program, hence, finding the light of the capability of St. Louis University-Missouri has taken my interest and enthusiasm like a jolt of lightning. Perhaps there are numerous schools as well-renowned as St. Louis, but the atmosphere and the reputation of the school has fired up a deeper sense of passion of trusting the institution and continue building my dreams in the field I wish to finish through the help of highly competent set of facultydiplomats, teachers with PhDs, excellent laboratory mentors, highly experienced and world ren owned practitioners. Need essay sample on "Where knowledge touches lives" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed In a world like today, to learn from experts is admirably the best move any student would want to linger onto. Aside from that, the university utilizes high-edged facilities for their students to learn up-to-date equipments which will enable us to perform our tasks well. Moreover, the main fact that St. Louis MO is broadcasted as a friendly town with a safe society, I may not only have the chance to acquire the best in clinical learning but enjoy the sagacity of the place as well as to learn with people possessing venerable personalitiesfactors which will also affect on my learning inasmuch as the kind of influences that I may have. Humans have needs and habits which requires the best that life may offer, being given the chance to pursue graduate studies and live a life mounting over normalI believe to be admitted in ST. Louis University, Missouri-Physician Assistant Graduate Program will not only help me reach my dreams but mold me into a competent healthcare practitioner. Reference Saint Louis University-Missouri. (2007, 10/24/2007).

Free Essays on Bobbsey Twins And Magic Tree House

in there speech like â€Å"gay† and the father who’s name was Richard was referred to as â€Å"Dick†. Those types of things are just not in the books written today. The first book in the Magic Tree House series titled, Dinosaurs Before Dark is about two kids, Jack and Annie. Jack and Annie are brother and sister. They find a tree house in the woods by their house and decide to go up and investigate it. When they get up to the tree house the two children find it filled with books. W... Free Essays on Bobbsey Twins And Magic Tree House Free Essays on Bobbsey Twins And Magic Tree House Bobbsey Twins and Magic Tree House After Reading book one of the Bobbsey Twins series, The Bobbsey Twins of Lakeport, and The Magic Tree House series book one, Dinosaurs Before Dinner it became obvious to me that the time periods they were written were very different. The Bobbsey Twins of Lakeport took an immediate trip back in time. The language it was written in and also the story idea seemed very dated. In the Magic Tree House the characters and also the writing was extremely modernized. It was interesting to compare two very different times in which the books were written. When reading the Bobbsey Twins book there were many things that stuck out in my mind. The book was published in 1961 and so much of it was very dated, it reminded me of 1950's TV shows. The family had a mother and a father who played a big part in the book. The family also had a older couple named Dihah and Sam Johnson that lived upstairs in the family’s very large house. Dinah would help Mrs. Bobbsey clean the house and cook for the large family while Sam would drive a truck for Mr. Bobbsey’s lumber company. The Bobbsey family had two sets of twins, Nan and Bert and Freddie and Flossie. The children went on many adventures throughout the book. They were on the hunt for missing treasure in an old house by the school. The children got the key for the house from the principal of their school, something that would never happened in today’s books. The children also used words in there speech like â€Å"gay† and the father who’s name was Richard was re ferred to as â€Å"Dick†. Those types of things are just not in the books written today. The first book in the Magic Tree House series titled, Dinosaurs Before Dark is about two kids, Jack and Annie. Jack and Annie are brother and sister. They find a tree house in the woods by their house and decide to go up and investigate it. When they get up to the tree house the two children find it filled with books. W...

Romantic Love Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Romantic Love - Essay Example As the essay declares love is one of the most profound emotions known and as exhibited from the thesis statement above, every person has an affinity to feel loved and wanted to make their lives interesting and bear meaning. Others seek romantic relationships where they are able to express their feelings to another compatible partner (preferably of opposite sex) as the main type of love. A romantic relationship for this reason is the most meaningful of elements in human lives that provides a deep source of fulfillment from the mutual association. According to the paper findings the ability to have a loving and healthy relationship is not innate. A great deal of evidence suggests that love possess certain specific characteristics, the ability to form a stable relationship right from infancy. A child’s earliest experience of love may be from a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, protection, care, stimulation, and social contact. Consequently, romantic love is an invention of the modern world not an archaic relic. Most of historical societies did not experience or know love as compared to the modern society where individuals are allowed to make their individual, independent choices on the person their heart loves cutting across ethnic diversity, races and nationality. Popularly, parents would arrange marriages based on the families mutual attraction in the ancient days giving linking people with a destiny not of their own choice or selection. The modern society hence allows grounds for love to thrive and add meaning into life.

How to implement the five disciplines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to implement the five disciplines - Essay Example Personal mastery is the development of a personal vision to make it a reality. Seeing things objectively and realizing the truth and the reality are important aspects in personal mastery as it develops creative tension that boosts an individual towards his vision. Personal mastery is developing one’s own vision for personal growth and development and for further development of his environment. Mental models are the internal assumptions, generalizations and pictures of the world that influences one’s understanding and actions. The importance of realizing these deeply ingrained assumptions and beliefs is to bring these beliefs and principles into the surface and scrutinize them. This way the individual will understand better their own beliefs and how to balance their beliefs and the beliefs of others. Shared vision is understanding that one’s personal vision can, in some way, be connected to another’s vision. With the development and understanding of a collective thinking, shared vision becomes a commitment on a shared belief rather than compliance in a vision or mission of a group or organization. Team learning is based on group interaction and group communication. This is the capability of group members to understand and be open to one another’s personal visions. Team learning also establishes the importance of dialogue and discussion, through which the gateways of communication and understanding each other and the way to a collective thinking and shared vision can be accomplished. Systems thinking is based on understanding the interrelationships of the structures and patterns that recur. It sees processes rather than a linear cause-effect snapshot of what is happening. It looks at the depth of the situation or scenario based on a conceptual framework that focuses on the cycles and archetypes. Systems thinking is what ties up all

Korean Film Industry Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Korean Film Industry - Case Study Example As the paper outlines, renaissance, in general, refers to the time period in history when European art and literature was revived. This usually means the rebirth of art in the 16th century. Choi used it in his book to refer to the revival of Korean cinema and the new future towards which the Koreans moved without their hated government. The renaissance referred to the changes in the society as a whole influencing the art and film industry of South Korea. The society was becoming freer and filmmakers were coming with more ideas of freedom and socially conscious themes which were previously banned. Choi describes the revival of the Korean cinema where the local cinema was vanishing the films were made more commercially and globally. The barriers to the foreign imports were forced open and Hollywood entered South Korea. This rebirth of Korean cinema went a long way since 1992 till present, and today the films are commercial, global, and have evolving production standards. Renaissance th us refers to all these changes and advancements seen in the Korean cinema since the 1990s till the present day. These changes were highly noticeable in the films that were made in the following decade. The Marriage Life (1992) was a romantic comedy directed by Kim Yui-Seok. The film marked the renaissance of the Korean film industry with its depiction of gender roles, portraying the reality of love and sex, and attracting the younger audience towards the Korean cinema again.  The movie was about Kim Tae-guy who was a radio producer and Choi Ji-Hye who was a voice actress at the radio station. The couple falls in love and gets married. They have desires for sex and fantasies for getting married just as any young couple would have despite the objections from their respected families, they get married and begin their life. Eventually, they start experiencing the reality of married life with laundry piles and house cleaning but they still have a mutual passion for each other which mak es their married life exciting and happy. The film shows the marriage a tremendous success in the beginning but eventually, the couple starts to face a hectic life which becomes a nightmare (Stringer 32).   Ã‚  

Euro Disney Case Study

Euro Disney Case Study Disney Company is one of most successful operator of theme parks in the world, and their theme park in America and Japan achieved great success but the situation in Europe is not so good. The article uses some aspects of the Hofstedes cultural dimensions and Trompenaars research on organisational culture to compare the cultural difference between America and France, then find out three mistakes that the company made in managing its Euro Disney operation through the case study. In the following sectors, the three lessons the company should have learned about how to deal with diversity based on its experience will be described. More rapid development in the trend of multinational companies, the cross-cultural management has become a major part of business. The purpose of this paper is to obtain some favorable factors to the future development of Euro Disney by the above analysis. Trompenaars classify the corporate culture into four kinds: the family, the Eiffel Tower, the guided missile and the incubator. The dimensions he used to distinguish different corporate cultures are equality-hierarchy and orientation to the person-orientation to the task (Sanchez, Paul. 2004) . The America corporate culture is belong to the third one, this kind of corporate culture has task-oriented characteristics, the employees should comply with some fixed rules and have high efficiency. The employer always pay more attention to your work results rather than the process, they request the employees should be loyal to the professions and projects greater than be loyal to the company, so the atmosphere in the company is some serious. Compared to the America corporate culture, the French corporate generally do not have terms of the corporate culture. The French company will never give you a sick book which tell you what you should do and which kind of language you should speak, but th ese things are very clarified to every branch. Only in this way the culture can show flexible and efficient. Many people will find it very strange how could be so efficiency under the circumstance that having not a detail arrangement and rules. This is a wonderful phenomenon in The French corporate. In a word, the French company pay more attention to human and the corporate culture which think highly of the deep-rooted relations between people and there is a relaxed and harmonious atmosphere in the company. The three mistakes In determining the target market did not take into account cultural differences Euro Disneys choice of location focus on the aspects of financial and population, then Euro Disney theme park located in the populous central Europe. Disney executives did not see that Mickey Mouse and intellectuals in the region of the left bank of the Seine in Paris can not live in harmony and France is serious about their intellectual. In retrospect, Paris is not the best place to establish such a theme park, so the establishment of the Disney parks is a declaration of war to intellectuals of French. Disneys manager stated publicly some of the criticism is the nonsense of a small number of business would not help them a favor. This may can be well operated according to American culture, while the French pay more attention to their own cultural elite and regard this refute as attack of national quality. Having not adequately take into account the habits of the French when arrange the service kinds Disney do not provide breakfast because they think that the Europeans do not eat breakfast. In addition, the Disney company does not provide alcoholic beverages within the park, but the French habits are different, they are used to drinking a cup while taking lunch, which aroused the anger of the French. Disney executives did not estimate that the European are not interested in vacation in theme park so much, in the attitude of Disney Company the European will be happy about spending a few days in a theme park like the American and Japanese, but middle-class in Europe just want to get away from everything around and go to the coast or the mountains, and Euro Disney is the lack of such appeal. No combination of French culture to the local staff management Disney has taken global standard model as same as the Japanese business, they transplanted the American culture to France directly then doing this result with a serious clash of cultures. The Disney Company use many measures that departed with the local culture, for example, in the Euro Disney, the France worker are requested to comply with the strict appearance code as the other theme parks in United States and Japan do, the workers are asked to break their ancient cultural aversions to smiling and being consistently polite to the park guest even must mirror the multi-country makeup of its guest. In addition, the Disney Company brought their U.S. Pop culture to France and fought hard for a greater local cultural context. The French people think that this is an attack on their native culture, so they adopted an unfriendly attitude toward to the arrival of the Disney, including the protest come from the intellectual and th e local residence and farmers. The three lessons Multinational companies should target market accurately Even in the same country or regional market, the traditional culture makes different control power to different people. Multinational companies should be fully based on detailed market research to find the weak links in the market and make a breakthrough, use the point to an area model to expand. For example, McDonalds opened in the Chinese market, its target is no longer work for the busy working-class, but the children. The golden arches mark, the joy atmosphere of the shop, the furnished toys, full of playful ads, as well as various promotional activities specifically carry out for children, these have a tremendous appeal to the target customers . McDonald think that adult eating habits difficult to change, only those children whose taste not yet formed are the potential customers of Western fast food culture, the McDonald received Broad market recognition and have huge market potential. Multinational enterprises should pay full attention to the importance of the influence of cultural differences on marketing Face to the new multiple culture environment, the multinational enterprise should take an objective acknowledge about the cultural differences of the consumer demand and behavior and respect it, abandoning the prejudice and discrimination of culture completely(Burnett, Sally-Ann, Huisman, Jeroen, 2010). Moreover, multinational enterprises should be good at finding out and using the base point of communication and collaboration of different cultures and regard this base point as the important consideration factor when plan to enter the target country market. After all, the fundamental criterion for a successful business enterprise is whether it can integrate into the local social and cultural environment. The multinational enterprises should improve the sensitivity and adaptability to the different culture environment. Multinational enterprises should make full use of the competitive advantages of cultural differences and promote international marketing The objective of international cultural differences can also be the basic demand points of different competitive strategy. In the international market, launching culture marketing activities and highlighting the exotic culture and cultural differences in the target market can open the market quickly. Companies should strive to build cross-cultural two-way communication channels, it is necessary to adapt to the hosts cultural environment and values and carry out the business strategy of localization to make it can be widely accepted by the host country local government, local partners, consumers and other relevant stakeholders . Effective cross-cultural communication on the one hand contribute to cultural integration, but also can create a harmonious internal and external human environment for corporate management. Conclusion From the Euro Disneys failure in the initial stage, we should realize deeply that cultural factors play enormous role in the process of expanding overseas of the enterprises and lack of cross-cultural awareness will bring out failure of the business. With the increase and deepen of the economical contact, transnational marketing received more and more attention. If the multinational companies can not handle properly the culture difference between foreign markets and home market in the whole marketing management process, the result will be that low profit with higher cost even lead to bankruptcy.

Bio Medicine Essay

Two Cathy Ann Wilson-Bates Western Governors University EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE & APPLIED NURSING RESEARCH EBP 1 Brenda Luther, PhD, RN January 25, 2012 Task Two Introduction: What I have learned about working with children in a chronic healthcare setting like dialysis is that they are resilient beings with the propensity for rapid changes in their medical condition. Children almost always surprise me in their unique description of symptoms and pain. Depending on their age, they may not be able to describe the symptoms they feel or tell me â€Å"where it hurts†. A simple ear ache may be described as a â€Å"drum in my ear† or may be observed with non verbal cues like tugging on the ear. Acute Otitis Media is seen quite often during the cold and flu season. Recent clinical guidelines suggest waiting twenty four to seventy two hours before beginning antibiotic therapy. Parents of children with symptoms of otitis media are accustomed to receiving a prescription for antibiotics before they leave the medical office. Adults as well are preconditioned for the little white slip of paper from their physician. Waiting twenty four to seventy two hours to evaluate the need for antibiotics will definitely reduce the over-prescription of antibiotics as well as their efficacy. The waiting and watching of several days may seem like an eternity to a parent caring for a sick and crying child. Educating parents during routine visits to the physician office about the risks of over-prescribing antibiotics will help when the physician needs to discuss the possibility of waiting and evaluating before prescribing antibiotics. Providing a list of comfort measures parents can follow may help relieve the anxiety they have in caring for a sick child. Any comfort measure taken to reduce crying is helpful to the parent of a sick child, but mostly to the child. The following table and paragraphs will share the results of how one group of nurses at an outpatient clinic used clinical evidence to manage this situation. Source |Type of Resource |Source appropriate or |Type of Research | | |general information, |inappropriate |primary research evidence, | | |filtered, or unfiltered | |evidence summary, evidence-based | | | | |guideline, or none of these | |American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of|Filtered |Appropriate |Evidence-based guideline | |Family Physicians. Clinical practice guideline: | | | | |Diagnosis and management of acute otitis media. | | | |Causative pathogens, antibiotic resistance and |Unfiltered |Appropriate |Evidence-based guideline | |therapeutic considerations in acute otitis media . | | | | |Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. | | | | |Ear, nose, and Throat, Current pediatric diagnosis and|General |Inappropriate |None of these | |treatment. | | | | |Treatment of acute otitis media in an era of |Filtered |Appropriate |Evidence –based guideline | |increasing microbial resistance. Pediatric Infectious| | | | |Disease Journal | | | | |Results from interviews with parents who have brought |Unfiltered |Appropriate |Primary research evidence | |their children into the clinic for acute otitis media. | | | | | | | | | Subcommittee on Management of Acute Otitis Media. (2004). American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis and Manegment of Acute Otitis Media. American Academy of Pediatrics , Vol. 13 No 5 1451-1465. This article is an evidence-based clinical guideline. It is a systematic review making it a filtered resource which is very appropriate for this situation. The article describes the current, (as of 2004) recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Acute Otitis Media (Subcommittee on Management of Acute Otitis Media, 2004). These guidelines show several different ways to treat acute otitis media depending on the symptoms of the child. It states that sometimes waiting to give antibioti cs is good and sometimes waiting to give antibiotics is not good. This article is appropriate and provides clarity on the topic. Block, S. L. (1997). Causative pathogens, antibiotic resistance and therapeutic considerations in acute otitis media. The Pediatric Infectious disease Journal , Volume 16 (4) pp 449-456. This article discusses antibiotic resistance and describes the bacterial pathogens which are responsible for infections causing acute otitis media. This article is appropriate. It contains a comparison of studies performed based on the different types of bacteria which cause acute otitis media. It stresses the importance of identifying the bacteria causing the infection before giving antibiotics so that number one the bacteria can be eradicated and other bacteria will not become resistant (Block, 1997). PE Kelley, N. F. (2006). Ear, Nose and. In M. L. W. W. Hay, Current Pediatric Diagnoisis and Treatment (pp. 459-492). Lang. This textbook source contains general information on the ear, nose and throat. There is much more information here regarding basic anatomy and physiology as well as characteristics of the ear nose and throat. The information regarding otitis media is basic and not an appropriate source of research in this situation for three reasons. Number one, the information is very basic, number two, it does not give any up to date information on how to treat this type of infection, and number three there is too much non-relevant information. McCracken, G. H. (1998). Treatment of acute otitis media in an era of increasing microbial resistance. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , Volume 17(6) pp576-579. This article is a review of the known etiologies that may cause acute otitis media. The article gives up to date information on therapeutic approaches when selecting an appropriate antibiotic therapy. We don’t practice â€Å"cookie cutter† medicine. The same prescription is not always right for all patients or all communities where some bacteria’s may be more prevalent than others (McCracken, 1998). This is appropriate information for this group of people or community. media, P. o. (n. d. ). Interviews. (C. nurses, Interviewer) This set of interviews is simply raw data. General information can however provide great insight as to what is happening out in the community. For example, this information might shed light on the fact that if the parents are willing to hold off on antibiotics for example, would they be more likely to follow up and come back into the clinic when asked? The reaction of parents is dependent upon other several basic factors like finances, a belief system and possibly the ability to obtain transportation. Knowing how the community is going to respond to their choice may have a great effect on the decisions they make. When evaluating the findings of these sources cumulatively, one must first determine the causative pathogens infecting patients in this given community with acute otitis media. After pathogen determination we can determine which antibiotics may be most useful in eradicating the given bacteria. Careful selection of antibiotic therapy will reduce the propensity for antibiotic resistance. Watchful waiting may be a good thing from the perspective of increasing microbial resistance however we must always evaluate patients on their individual needs or on a patient by patient case. One size doesn’t always fit all. Patient education is the key to keeping the public informed of current practice. Physicians and Nurses need to be consistent in the lesson plan shared with patients and remain true to our scope of practice. Communication is essential between the physician, nurse and other multidisciplinary team members in order to provide the best care. There are many considerations in assessing if patients are able to withstand the waiting and evaluation period. Low income families are one example of how the waiting and watching method might not work. Parents may have to take time off work to come to clinic with a sick child. They might struggle finding money for the additional return trip to the clinic and may risk losing their job if they take more time off work. Many low income families may have already waited before seeking help thus creating their own watchful waiting period. They also may not be able to afford antibiotics and as a result may not give the full dose if symptoms have subsided. The perception is that they will save the medication for the next time symptoms arise. Confidentiality might be an issue in smaller communities. People tend to be concerned about neighbors and co-workers and some may not care to share their experience with others. This may be an issue for parents who don’t share custody as in the case of divorce. It is a greater issue when parents or partners don’t share the same fundamental values, especially those related to healthcare. Conclusion: Watchful waiting like the nurses in this clinic are looking at may be useful for some of the patients, but not all. Again, a one size fits all philosophy is not always appropriate in healthcare. Tools like algorithms may be helpful in determining the appropriateness for watching and waiting versus immediate action as determined by physical findings and social circumstances like parental adherence for follow up and ability to afford treatment. Whatever course you choose, watchful waiting or immediate antibiotics the best practice remains a plan of care based on the individual needs of our patients. References Block, S. L. (1997). Causative pathogens, antibiotic resistance and therapeutic considerations in acute otitis media. The Pediatric Infectious disease Journal , Volume 16 (4) pp 449-456. McCracken, G. H. (1998). Treatment of acute otitis media in an era of increasing microbial resistance. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , Volume 17(6) pp576-579. media, P. o. (n. d. ). Interviews. (C. nurses, Interviewer) PE Kelley, N. F. (2006). Ear, Nose and. In M. L. W. W. Hay, Current Pediatric Diagnoisis and Treatment (pp. 459-492). Lang. Subcommittee on Management of Acute Otitis Media. (2004). American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis and Manegment of Acute Otitis Media. American Academy of Pediatrics , Vol. 113 No 5 1451-1465.

BAA’s Communication Breakdown

The biggest challenge facing the British Airports Authority, or BAA, is allowing itself to move forward without sacrifice. Group leaders want to expand their authority while being a good community neighbor. Problems exist considering that the organization proposed to enlarge Heathrow Airport. BAA officials knew they could not start those improvements until area residents complied with their requests. (Olivant, 2000) Most companies put in this situation would follow their agendas because they (a) had their shareholders’ position in mind (b) their own interest in mind or (c) they could.(Olivant, 2000) What BAA executives did instead was speak with affected groups to determine what could be done to please everyone. The solution was a â€Å"Contract with the Community† that openly addressed public concerns ranging from air pollution to runway expansion. The results were increased community support and the backing to continue serving its customers. (Olivant, 2000) This move became telling, as the BAA switched leaders in March 2008 to streamline best practices and to bolster travel in and out of Heathrow Airport.(Pagano, 2008) The hiring of Colin Matthews as the CEO was instituted to get those changes and attitudes about the airport done. Getting security in line with modern technology and addressing the expansion issues in making the airport more suitable for travel. (Pagano, 2008) Whether this move pans out for the BAA remains to be seen. It was perceived that should the move to change the CEO at the BAA be unsuccessful, then it would make for a real communications problem because the BAA Chairman Sir Nigel Rudd would also resign. BAA 2 List of ReferencesOlivant, S. (200). â€Å"A business case for corporate citizenship. † Best Practices: Best Enterprises for Sustainable Travel. New York: The Conference Group. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from: http://www. sustainabletravel. org/docs/pdf_BAA. pdf Pagano, M. (2008). â€Å"Bloodletting at BAA: the new regime that must take on a jumbo sized challenge. † The Independent. Retrieved May 11, 2009 from: http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/bloodletting-at-baa-the-new-regime-that-must-take-on-a-jumbosized-challenge-790176. html

Essay on Criminal Justice and Violent Female Offenders

Essay on Criminal Justice and Violent Female Offenders Essay on Criminal Justice and Violent Female Offenders Essay on Criminal Justice and Violent Female OffendersViolent crime is one of the components of the overall structure of crime, which includes offenses related to physical and psychological violence against the person, or the threat of violence. Violent crime, in a broad sense, includes all the acts in which violence is a way to abuse, and, in the narrow sense, it includes only those actions in which violence is one of the elements of criminal motivation.Violence is defined as: 1) the use of physical force to someone; 2) the use of force, forced impact on someone, something; 3) the harassment, abuse of power, lawless use of force.Not all violence is a subject of criminology, but only when it is associated with a violation of criminal law (criminal violence). There are two types of such violence:Physical abuse the infliction of physical, bodily harm to the person, up to the deprivation of his life.Psychological violence causing mental, moral damages: threats, insults, slander, blac kmail, coercion, and all kinds of restrictions on the freedom of person; and some types of fraud, psycho and economic methods.Violence is a primary or secondary means of committing so many crimes. Different countries name various groups of violent crimes:Statistical Yearbook of the United States at the federal level notes the following types of violent crimes: murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault.Notifiable Offences recorded by Police of England and Wales include all kinds of crimes against the person, including, for example, an illegal abortion; sexual crimes (including pimping and bigamy) and robberies into the number of violent attacks.In Germany, the Collection of crime statistics include murder, rape, robbery, injury, poisoning, hostage-taking and extortion related to the kidnapping into violent crimes.The share of traditional forms of violent crime in its overall structure is quite small. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of law enforcement is assessed on the basis of estim ations of the most serious crimes.Murder is one of the most ancient and dangerous types of crimes. Murder is a crime in all legal systems, although, there are certain differences in understanding of what should be regarded as murder (Samaha, 2008).In 2000, the absolute number of murders in the world was more than 500 000. This number in various countries differ greatly. In most developed countries observe 1-4 murders per 100 000 population; the lowest rates were observed in Japan, Iceland, Ireland (about 0.5); the USA is a little above the middle figure (5.5). In developing countries, the murder rate is much higher, it can reach 40-50 per 100 000 population or even higher values.The most common among sexual offenses involving violence, is rape. Its danger lies in the fact that the victim is inflicted both physical and mental suffering. Rape is often associated with serious lasting effects, including infection with sexually transmitted diseases, mental illness and even suicide of a v ictim.8th Review of trends in crime, presented by the United Nations indicates that in 2001 and 2002 in the world, there were registered annually more than 250,000 rape. Characterizing the numbers of rape, it should be noted that rape has a high latency. Even in countries with a highly developed system of law enforcement, more than 80 percent of rapes are hidden from law enforcement agencies (Langton, Truman, 2014).Robbery is a forcible theft of anothers property. It is an attack the purpose of which is stealing other peoples property, committed with violence dangerous to life or health, or with threat of such violence.Aggravated assault is a stronger form of assault, often with a use of deadly weapon attempting to cause serious bodily injury to another person, cause grievous bodily harm, such as rape or kidnapping, have sexual relations with an underage person, or cause bodily harm by recklessly operating of a vehicle.In general, violent crimes are rarely committed by women: there are around 90% of male violent criminals. Women usually resort to domestic violence, especially in connection with the immoral and illegal behavior of the victim usually a spouse or cohabitant. Violent criminals are usually quite young – less then 40 years old. Crimes, related to the deprivation victim’s life and personal injury, are frequently committed by persons aged 25-29 years, rapes by persons under 25 years old.Educational and social levels of violent offenders are lower than that of other categories of offenders and general population. Typically, these individuals have relatively low skills, work in low-paid jobs or do not work.Violent criminals inherent violation of social identification and adaptation, desociolization. They hardly follow standards of society, instead assessing the situation on the basis of personal beliefs and desires. They are self-centered, have primitive needs and impulsive desire for the realization of desires and needs, not restrained by self-monitoring mechanism. Violations of socialization are manifested in difficulties in establishing contacts with other people. Such persons are characterized by psychological self-defense mechanism: they believe that the actions, they are accused for, have been provoked by victims, and they acted correctly and should not be punished. Intensity of such deviations may be different. There are many psychopaths among criminals (estimates vary from 30 to 60%) and those with borderline mental disorders.Some scientists believe that forming of personality of violent criminals depends on biological and genetic predisposition. However, commonly accepted viewpoint claims that determination of violent crime, as well as crime in general, has a predominantly social nature: the causes and conditions of crime lie in the society in which it exists (Samaha, 2008).An important place in the causal complex of many violent crimes is occupied by victim behavior of victims. This is especially characte ristic of rape, where a substantial part of the victims themselves provokes criminal sexual contact (usually frivolous behavior in the situation related to the joint use of alcohol with the rapist.Literature ReviewFemale criminality has always been perceived as a less serious issue than male criminal behavior. Historically, females tend to commit minor crimes and have amounted only a small proportion in total number of offenders. Ten though women remain a relatively small amount of all prisoners, there is a trend in rising of percentage among female offenders, their participation in crimes connected with violent, and have inhibited the increase of gender-specific programs addressing the problem (Greenfeld, Snell, 1999).Female offenders have different needs comparing to males, stemming in part from their own disproportionate victimization from physical or sexual abuse and their sense of responsibility for dependant children. Besides, they are more likely to have drug addiction and to have mental illnesses (Morash, Bynum, Koons, 1998).In general, younger females delinquent acts usually have less chronic and less serious character in comparison with boys. Minor offenses dominate among female criminals. However, minor crimes may mask serious problems that girls are facing. Running away from parents’ home and other status offenses are the main components of girls delinquency. Even though their offense behavior may appear to be not very serious, such girls may be suffering from serious problems and victimization, involving illegal behavior by relatives. That, in turn, can make them open to subsequent victimization and engage in other types of behavior that violates the law such as prostitution, survival sex and drug use (Heidensohn, Silvestri, 2012).Many risk factors contribute to females’ criminal behavior, including substance abuse, spousal abuse and mental illness. One of the most significant risk factors is considered to be prior victimization (Mor ash, Bynum, Koons, 1998).The Federal Bureau of Investigation with the help of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program collects crime and arrest statistics from more than 18,000 city, county, and state law enforcement agencies. Crime in the United States, 2012 released in November 2013 reveals the information that, during 2012:In the whole country, law enforcement made 12,196,959 arrests (traffic violations are not included).2% of them were of females (â€Å"Women and Girls in the Justice System,† 2014).According to OJJDPs (the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Preventions)  Juvenile Court Statistics 2010,  released in June 2013:Courts with juvenile jurisdiction held an estimated 1,368,200 law-breaking cases in 2010.28% of them were with female offenders.In general, female delinquency caseload raised at an average rate of 2 percent per year between 1985 and 2010, while the average rate increased for less than 1 percent per year for males (â€Å"Women and Girls in the Justice System,† 2014).According to the resource of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), Jail Inmates at Midyear 2013 – Statistical Tables, which shows data collected from the  Annual Survey of Jails, the number of female convicts increased by 10.9% between midyear 2010 and 2013. In same period, the male inmate population declined for 4.2%.According to OJJDP’s 2011 Survey of Youth in Residential Placement, females amounted 14% of all youth in residential placement (Ginder, 2014).The Bureau of Justice Statistics Annual Probation Survey and Annual Parole Survey provide total number of all persons supervised in the community and counts of the number entering and leaving supervision during the year on all the territory of the USA. According to provided information:In 2012, approximately 24 percent of the adults on probation were femaleIn 2012, approximately 11% of the adults on parole were femaleIn 2010, nearly 19% of the federal offenders under supervision wer e femaleBased on self-reports of violence victims, women represent about 14 percent among all violent offenders, which is an average of around 2.1 million of violent female offenders per year.There is 1 violent offender in every 9 men of 10 years old or older, a per capita rate six times that among women. In 1998, 3 out of 4 violent female criminals committed simple assault. About 28 percent of violent female offenders were juveniles, and 3 out of 4 victims of female offenders’ violence were women. Around two out of three victims had some kind of prior relationship with a female offender. An estimated four in ten women who committed violent offences were perceived by their victims as being drunk and/or under drugs while committing the crime. The per capita rate for murders committed by females in 1998 was on the lowest point recorded since 1976. In 1998, approximately 3.2 million women were arrested, considering for about 22 percent of all arrests that year. And the per capit a rate in arrest among juvenile women was about twice the adult female rate. It is worth mentioning that between 1990 and 1998, the number of the female defendants, who were convicted of felonies in courts of the United States grew at more than twice the rate of growth among male defendants. In 1998, the number of women that were under the care, supervision, or control of correctional agencies amounted 950,000. Parole agencies or probation supervised 85 percent of these criminals in the community. Women under the supervision of agencies of criminal justice system were mothers of about 1.3 million minor children. Nearly six in ten women in American prisons had experienced sexual or physical abuse in the past. Around 84,000 women were imprisoned in 1998 (Greenfeld, L. A., Snell, 1999).There have been noted some substantial differences in behavior and treatment of defendants in courts on the basis of their gender. Criminologist Frances Heidensohn says that judges and juries often have difficulties in isolating the fact that the defendant is a woman and the fact that she also can be a mother, a widow, she can be attractive, or she may cry on the stand. Besides, male and female defendants note that in court they have been encouraged to behave differently in accordance with the gender; women have been advised to show mute passivity, at the same time men have been advised to assert themselves in testimony and cross-examinations (Heidensohn, Silvestri, 2012).There are two thoughts on the issue if criminal justice system has a gender bias and if men and women are treated differently in courts and police.The first one is chivalry thesis, where chivalry is treating others, mostly women with courtesy, respect and sympathy. According to chivalry theory women are treated more leniently by the system of criminal justice than men. Male chivalry means that often police are less likely to charge females, and courts tend to give them a lighter sentence, even in situations when t hey have committed the same crimes as men.The second theory is called double deviance theory. According to this theory, criminal justice system treats women more harshly because they are guilty of being doubly deviant. They deviated from norms accepted by society by breaking the law and, at the same time, deviated from gender norms, which tell how woman should behave.Many female offenders feel that they have been treated harshly by the system of criminal justice. They perceive it as a male-dominated institution and feel their treatment has been unjust and unsympathetic (Heidensohn, Silvestri, 2012).After arrest, women more often than men are cautioned instead of being charged. They are usually not committed for trial or remanded in custody. Female offenders have more chances to be discharged or to be given a community sentence than men and less likely to be sentenced to prison or fined. Often, women sent to prison get shorter sentences than men. This information suggests that the sy stem of criminal justice does treat woman more leniently. Though, we also need to take into account the seriousness of committed crime and difference in crime history. Female offences are usually less serious and women are less likely to have criminal records (Bryant, 2011).Disparity in the treatment of criminals involved in the system of criminal justice has been the subject of a substantial number of research over the past decades. Probably, the most compelling evidence of inequality is found in the demographics among the convicts in federal and state prisons in the United States. Most of prisoners in our nations prisons are men, mostly black or Hispanic. These disparities in imprisonment rates, which have been noted for more than three decades, have made researchers to focus on the sentencing stage while criminal justice process. They also have led policymakers to search for ways in order to constrain judicial discretion while sentencing (Stacey, Spohn, 2006).Ann Martin Stacey an d Cassia Spohn wrote the work in B Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law â€Å"Gender and the Social Costs of Sentencing: An Analysis of Sentences Imposed on Male and Female Offenders in Three U.S. District Courts†. The studies show that blacks and Hispanics are more likely to receive harsher sentences than whites in similar situation, and that the sentences imposed on female offenders, including violent female offenders, are substantially more lenient than the ones imposed on their male counterparts.Studies note that gender effects of favoring female offenders over male ones occur at a significantly higher percentage than race effects of favoring white offenders over the black ones. There is one explanation for this, which suggests that women are more likely to be sentenced more leniently than men because they are often convicted of less serious offences and have less serious criminal records. Another explanation reveal judges percept women as childlike and dependent, and they wa nt to protect women from the severity of jail or prison.These explanations of gender disparity in sentencing show how important it is to control adequately for legally related indicators of crime seriousness and prior criminal record, along with the importance of taking into consideration potential connections between the gender of the offender and other legally irrelevant characteristics of the offender. We focus on interactions between the gender of the offender, his/her marital status, offenders responsibility for dependent children, and the severity of offender’s sentence (Langton, Truman, 2014).Studies, conducted by Ann Martin Stacey and Cassia Spohn found that judges and prosecutors take the gender of the offender into account, while sentencing decisions are not affected by the offenders marital status or responsibility for dependent children. Besides, females with dependent children are usually treated about the same compared to similarly situated men with dependent ch ildren in terms of length of the imposed sentence and the scale of substantial support departures. Nevertheless, although women with children were notably more likely than women without children to get substantial assistance departures, men with children didn’t get same benefit.Researchers on sentencing in federal and state courts found that female offenders were treated more leniently than male criminals. The study show, that female offenders, including violent crimes, have received approximately ten months shorter sentences than the sentences imposed on male offenders in similar situation. Women also were significantly more likely than men to get a downward departure for providing substantial assistance.Essay on   Criminal Justice and Violent Female Offenders part 2

Biography of Jefferson Davis, Confederate President

Biography of Jefferson Davis, Confederate President Jefferson Davis  (born Jefferson Finis Davis; June 3, 1808–December 6, 1889) was a prominent American soldier, secretary of war, and political figure who became the president of the Confederate States of America, a nation formed in rebellion to the United States. Before becoming a leader of the slave states in rebellion, he was  viewed by some as a  plausible future president of the United States. Fast Facts: Jefferson Davis Known For:  Davis was the president of the Confederate States of America.Also Known As:  Jefferson Finis DavisBorn:  June 3, 1808  in Todd County, KentuckyParents: Samuel Emory Davis and Jane DavisDied: December 6, 1889  in New Orleans, LouisianaEducation: Transylvania University, U.S. Military Academy at West PointPublished Works:  The Rise and Fall of the Confederate GovernmentSpouses: Sarah Knox Taylor, Varina HowellChildren: 6Notable Quote: Are we, in this age of civilization and political progress†¦to roll back the whole current of human thought, and again return to the mere brute force which prevails between beasts of prey, as the only method of settling questions between men? Early Life and Education Jefferson Davis grew up in Mississippi and was educated at Transylvania University in Kentucky for three years. He then entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, graduated in 1828, and received a commission as an officer in the U.S. Army. Early Career and Family Life Davis served as an infantry officer for seven years. After resigning his military commission in 1835, Davis married Sarah Knox Taylor, the daughter of  Zachary Taylor, the future president and Army colonel. Taylor strongly disapproved of the marriage. The newlyweds moved to Mississippi, where Sarah contracted malaria and died within three months. Davis himself contracted malaria and recovered, but he often suffered lingering effects from the disease. Over time, Davis repaired his relationship with Zachary Taylor and he became one of Taylors most trusted advisers during his presidency. Davis married Varina Howell in 1845. They remained married for the rest of his life and had six children, three of whom lived to adulthood. Cotton Plantation and Start in Politics From 1835 to 1845, Davis became a successful cotton planter, farming on a plantation called Brierfield, which had been given to him by his brother. He also began buying slaves in the mid-1830s. According to the federal census of 1840, he owned 39 slaves. In the late 1830s, Davis took a trip to Washington, D.C.  and apparently met President  Martin Van Buren. His interest in politics developed, and in 1845 he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as a Democrat. The Mexican War and Political Rise With the beginning of the  Mexican War  in 1846, Davis resigned from Congress and formed a volunteer company of infantrymen. His unit fought in Mexico, under General Zachary Taylor, and Davis was wounded. He returned to Mississippi and received a heros welcome. Davis was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1847  and obtained a powerful position on the Military Affairs Committee. In 1853, Davis was appointed secretary of war in the cabinet of President  Franklin Pierce. It was probably his favorite job, and Davis took to it energetically, helping to bring important reforms to the military. His interest in science inspired him to  import camels  for use by the U.S. Cavalry. Secession In the late 1850s, as the nation was splitting over the issue of slavery, Davis returned to  the U.S. Senate. He cautioned other southerners about secession, but when slave states started leaving the Union, he resigned from the Senate. On January 21, 1861, in the waning days of the administration of  James Buchanan, Davis gave a dramatic farewell speech in the Senate and pleaded for peace. President of the Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis was the only president of the Confederate States of America. He held the office from 1861 until the collapse of the Confederacy at the end of the Civil War, in the spring of 1865. Davis never campaigned for the presidency of the Confederacy in the sense that politicians in the United States campaign. He was essentially selected to serve and he claimed not to be seeking the position. He began his term with widespread support within the states in rebellion. Opposition As the Civil War continued, Davis critics within the Confederacy increased. Before secession, Davis had consistently been a forceful and eloquent advocate for states rights.  Ironically, he became inclined to impose the rule of a strong central government as he tried to manage the Confederate government. Strong states rights advocates within the Confederacy came to oppose him. Besides his choice of Robert E. Lee as commander of the Army of Northern Virginia, Davis is mostly deemed a weak leader by historians. Davis was seen as prickly, a poor delegator, overly involved in details, wrongly attached to defending Richmond, Virginia, and guilty of cronyism. Most historians agree that he was far less effective as a leader during wartime than his counterpart, President Abraham Lincoln. After the War Following the Civil War, many in the federal government and the public believed Davis to be a traitor responsible for years of bloodshed and the deaths of many thousands. There was a strong suspicion that Davis had been involved in the  assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Some accused him of having ordered Lincolns murder. After Davis was apprehended by Union cavalry while trying to escape and perhaps keep the rebellion going, he was locked up in a military prison for two years. For a time he was kept in chains, and his health suffered from his rough treatment. The federal government eventually decided not to prosecute Davis and he returned to Mississippi. He was financially ruined, since he had lost his plantation (and, like many other large landholders in the south, his slaves). Later Years and Death Thanks to a wealthy benefactor, David was able to live comfortably on an estate, where he wrote a book about the Confederacy, The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government. In his final years, in the 1880s, he was often visited by admirers. Davis died on December 6, 1889. A large funeral was held for him in New Orleans and he was buried in the city. His body was eventually moved to a large tomb in Richmond, Virginia. Legacy Davis, in the decades before the Civil War, served admirably in a number of positions within the federal government. Before becoming a leader of the slave states in rebellion, he was  viewed by some as a  possible future president of the United States. But his accomplishments are judged differently from other American politicians. While he held the Confederate government together in nearly impossible circumstances, he was considered a traitor by those loyal to the United States. There were many Americans who believed he should have been tried for treason and hanged after the Civil War. Some advocates for Davis point to his intellect and relative skill in governing the rebel states. But his detractors note the obvious: Davis strongly believed in the perpetuation of slavery. The veneration of Jefferson Davis remains a controversial subject. Statues of him appeared throughout the south following his death, and, because of his defense of slavery, many now believe those statues should be taken down. There are also periodic calls to remove his name from public buildings and roads which had been named in his honor. His birthday continues to be celebrated in several southern states, and his presidential library opened in Mississippi in 1998. Sources Cooper, William C., Jr. Jefferson Davis, American. Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.  McPherson, James M. Embattled Rebel: Jefferson Davis as Commander in Chief. Penguin Press, 2014.  Strode, Hudson. Jefferson Davis: Confederate President. Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1959.

Life Expectancy differs with the Environment Essay

Life Expectancy differs with the Environment - Essay Example In this respect, it means that individual life expectancies should be obtained in order to obtain their mean or average. Life expectancy of an individual can be established at birth when the age is 0 and assuming that the person is going to live for a given numer of years, ?. The life expectancy of an individual who will leave for ? years depend on the life probability at time t for the individual surviving from the 0 age to age ? (the highest age attained). Therefore, life expectancy at birth is a function of the age at that time and the highest age likely to be attained, which is illustrated as ; where L ­e is the life expectancy at a particular age, x, and it is a function of O age and time, t. Based on the fact that life expectancy of an individual is a function of current age and the time he/she is likely to leave, the formula for life expectancy of an individual is as follows; In the above function, is the lifetable probability that the individual in question at time t will s urvive from birth to age a, and attain the highest possible age, ?. This is the formula for calculating the life expectancy of an individual at birth to a given age and possible the highest attained age. As will become apparent at the end of this study, life expectancy differs across different countries. At the same time, there is a clear difference between life expectancy levels of both males and females5. The differences in these two instances are caused by the same factors. The most significant factors are herewith discussed6. One of the most cited factors are differences in socioeconomic status. Most countries and individuals in these countries are at different economic stages. Some are more economically disadvantaged than others. It has been found... As will become apparent at the end of this study, life expectancy differs across different countries. At the same time, there is a clear difference between life expectancy levels of both males and females . The differences in these two instances are caused by the same factors. The most significant factors are herewith discussed . One of the most cited factors are differences in socioeconomic status.   Most countries and individuals in these countries are at different economic stages. Some are more economically disadvantaged than others. It has been found that individuals or countries that have historically been economically disadvantaged, exhibited by such factors as unequal access to educational and occupational opportunity have   lower life expectancies .   This is because disadvantages often mean that these individuals cannot access important opportunities, such as employer-based health insurance and thus high mortality rates. Lastly, economically challenged countries or ind ividuals have   prevalence of diseases a factor which increases mortality rates reducing life expectancy. In most studies, it has also become quite apparent that there is a clear variation in life expectancy arising from gender differences. As will be seen in subsequent representations, at every age, females have a higher life expectancy level than males. The biological explanation is founded on the premise that females have a physiological advantage that translates to higher longevity. Each of these explanations has evidence supporting their positions.

Submit a critique of an ealy years research paper from a uk scholarly Essay

Submit a critique of an ealy years research paper from a uk scholarly journal - Essay Example child care costs, barriers to access, and feelings about child care of parents of preschool- and school-aged children specifically in the area under study which is the United Kingdom in 2007 (Kazimirski, Smith, Butt, Ireland and Lloyd, 2008, p.1). The analysis is undertaken through the focus on the different areas in the study presented such as the focus of the study, the methods used in data gathering, the results and organization of data and the analysis and conclusion. The study is based on the aim to determine the effectiveness of the childcare program in England since 1990 including the 1998 National Childcare Strategy. The results had been gathered through the 2007 Childcare and Early Years Survey of Parents. These results can be summarized in different points (p.1) One of the points gathered is that there is a high percentage of family belonging to the population under study that undertaken childcare or early years provision (84%). Of the said percentage 65% had informal care which is relatively more common than the 54% which can be classified as formal care provision. Although there is an expected increase in the interest for take-up of formal and informal childcare, the result showed that it had failed to increase specifically on the people belonging to low income families, the lone parents and the ethnic minority groups (p.1). Other trends include childcare cost specifically the services of nannies and day nurseries which had been classified to be the most expensive in London and South East on the per hour basis. Although this is the case, the services of childcare providers are still sought specifically during school holidays and outside standard hours or days. The affordability became an increasing trend through the years as well as availability of providers (p.1). The results of the study had been achieved through survey research which can be considered as one of the important methods to gather first hand data. A total population of 7200

Literature Review about statistical process control (SPC) Term Paper

Literature Review about statistical process control (SPC) - Term Paper Example It can be employed in any production unit (which generates material or data as outputs) where the process can thus remain independent from constant supervision. Although there can be variety in products and the required steps necessary for the production process, the SPC analysis remains uniform. SPC is advantageous over other methods of control particularly since it ensures that the production is not affected to any significant degree due to interruptions since it requires no direct inspection. Only "Out of control" process can be covered by SPC. An â€Å"in-control-process† does not always refer to an acceptable and desirable output. This conceptual misunderstanding often results in misleading applications of SPC. If not properly perceived, SPC can lead to loss of production. The Control chart is the fundamental tool for SPC. It is a graphical representation defined by the plot of measured data (at least 15 observations) on the chart. Using control charts the changes in the inherent process from the accumulated data can be identified. This, in turn determines the ‘special’ cause that affects the results. In a control chart the ‘central line’, denoted by a solid line reflects the average of the accumulated data points and passes through the middle of the graph. Control limits are the lines (a specified distance is maintained from the central line) in the control chart which are calculated by using statistical tools and indicate the behavior of the process i.e whether the process is ‘out of control’ or ‘in-control’. There are two type of control limits- (i) the upper control limit (UCL) and (ii) the lower control limit (LCL). UCL and LCL are defined by the following rule: UCL = centre line + 3* SD †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ equ.(1) Recall that a Percentile is given by the division of pointed data in hundred equally divided groups. The nth percentile Pn is defined as- n% of the data points are on or below this

2.5 work file Essay Example for Free

2.5 work file Essay Directions: Complete the food safety interactive quiz. Use the information from the interactive quiz to complete the following responses regarding food safety practices. For each of the following food safety practices, share at least 2 statements from the interactive quiz. Be sure to put these statements in your own words and explain why they are helpful in preventing food borne illness. An example would be: When dining from a buffet, make sure hot food is hot and cold food is cold. Food that is 40 – 140 degrees Fahrenheit has already begun to grow bacteria and pathogens. Clean (16 points): 1. After handling raw meat, poultry, fish, or eggs wash your hands because you can get a foodborne illness. 2. Rinse fruits and vegetables with running tap water before eating, cutting, and cooking to reduce amount of bacteria present. Separate (16 points): 1. Keep many foods separate to avoid cross-contamination. It is the transfer of harmful bacteria from foods to other foods. Especially, when handling raw meat, eggs, or poultry. 2. Be sure to wash your counter and utensils with hot, soapy water to kill bacteria. Cook (16 points): 1. I f you leave cooked food out for 8 hours, throw away the food. See more: The Issues Concerning Identity Theft Essay Bacteria can grow rapidly and cause illness when it has the nutrients it needs. 2. You can a hamburger is cooked when you use a food temperature and the internal part of the hamburger is 160 F. Chill (16 points): 1. Freezing food should be kept and 0 F and below because it inactivates microbes- bacteria, yeasts, and mold. 2. By refrigerating foods at cold temperatures, you keep bacteria from multiplying. In your own kitchen, explain 2 food safety practices you feel your family can improve and 2 food safety practices you feel your family does well. (16 points) 2 food safety practices are: Run fruits and vegetables under tap water before cooking, eating, and cutting. Refrigerate food when not being used because bacteria forms rapidly. 2 safety practices: Wash utensils with warm, soapy water. Clean your counter with warm, soapy water to kill bacteria. In what ways do your school and community practice or promote food safety to contribute to your personal health? (20 points) They contribute to this by reducing pollution and cleaning up the community. By doing these little things, it can help my lungs be full of oxygen and not pollutants and cleaning up the community can save my life my protecting fish that I eat.

Wallis Simpson Essay -- essays research papers fc

American socialite Wallis Simpson, the woman for whom Edward VIII gave up the throne in 1936, is variously portrayed as a greedy snob, a sexual predator or part of the romance of the century. A complex figure emerges: a strong-willed woman, hungry for independence, but caught up in a situation she could not control. Mrs. Wallis Simpson has become an emotional figure in history. Along with this, many descriptions of her personality and motives for being with Edward have caused some extremely negative descriptions; the nicer ones range from witch to seductress. So who really was Mrs. Wallis Simpson? Bessie Wallis Warfield, named after her aunt and her father, as she was born in Baltimore, Maryland, was something of a misfit from the start. Her arrival in June 19,1896 came just seven months after the marriage of her parents, causing some embarrassment to Warfield relatives for whom moral propriety was essential as the elite of Baltimore society. Bessie's father died when she was five months old and throughout her formative years, she and her mother had to rely on irregular handouts from a wealthy relative. Because her father left them with no money so they relied charity from her mother’s husband’s late brother. As Wallis grew into a young woman, she was not necessarily considered pretty. Yet Wallis had a sense of style and poses that made her distinguished and attractive. She had radiant eyes, good complexion and fine, smooth black hair, which she kept parted down the middle for most of her life. Bessie discarded her first name - because "so many cows are called Bessie" - and learned how to flirt. But she was still shut out of the world she regarded as her birthright. Soon after the humiliation of "coming out" without the usual debutante's celebration ball, she grasped the first means of escape from Baltimore by becoming engaged. On November 8 1916 she was married to her first husband, at the age of 20 was to a Navy pilot Earl Winfield Spencer. The marriage was reasonably good until the end of World War I when many ex-soldiers became bitter at the inconclusiveness of the war and the difficulty in adapting back to civilian life. After the Armistice, Win began to drink heavily and also became abusive. Wallis eventually left Win and lived six years by herself in Washington. Win and Wallis weren't yet divorced a... ...buried alongside Edward in the royal burial ground at Windsor. Bibliography 1.Agate, James. Ego 8: Continuing the Autobiography of†¦ London, 1948. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (272pp). 2. Bloch, Michael. The Duke of Windsor's War. London, 1982. Illusts. Royal 8vo. or.cl. (398pp). 3. Bloch, Michael (ed). Wallis & Edward: Letters 1931-1937. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1986. 4. Broad, Lewis. Queens, Crowns and Coronations. London, 1952. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (184pp). 5. Bryan, J.B. and, C.J.V. Murphy. The Windsor Story. London, 1979. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (640pp). 6. Buchan, John. Memory Hold the Door. London, 1940. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (328pp). 7. King, Greg; The Duchess of Windsor: The Uncommon Life of Wallis Simpson; Kensington Pub Corp: April 2003 8. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright  © 2003 Columbia University Press. 9. Encyclopedia, â€Å"Love Stories of the Century†, Jan. 16, ‘04; www.encyclopedia.com 10. The History Channel, Search; Jan. 16, ‘04, www.historychannel.com 11. Warwick, Christopher. Abdication. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1986. 12. Ziegler, Paul, King Edward VIII: The Official Biography (London: Collins. 1990) 224.

Nasha is my idol Essay

Natasha (Russian: Ð Ã °Ã'‚Ð °ÃŒ Ã'ˆÐ °) is a female given name of Russian origin. Originally it was a diminutive form of Natalia, which in turn derives from the Latin Dies Natalies, meaning â€Å"Natal Day† or â€Å"Birthday† in reference to the traditional birth of Jesus. It was traditionally given to girls born around Christmas.[1] In Russia and other post-Soviet countries this name still remains only an unofficial diminutive form, while in the West it became an independent given name, probably under influence of Natasha Rostova from Leo Tolstoi’s â€Å"War and Peace†. Alexis Davis (born Natasha Cassadine) on the soap opera General Hospital Other Natashas[edit] Natasha (monkey), macaque at the Safary Park zoo near Tel Aviv, Israel Natasha’s Story, 1994 non-fiction book Where is Baby Natasha? A sesame street children’s book â€Å"Natasha†, a song on the 2003 album Want One by Rufus Wainwright â€Å"Natasha†, a song by American grindcore band Pig Destroyer released on 2004 album Terrifyer as bonus, and also as separate ep album. Natacha (comics) a French comic about an air hostess Natascha Kampusch, an Austrian author who was kidnapped at the age of 10 years old Natascha is the name of an unlockable weapon in Team Fortress 2

Drama Story Death Of A Salesman Essay

Death of a Salesman is a play written by Arthur Miller. Basically, Miller was not a very prolific writer and Death of a Salesman had been his most famous work. At a certain point, this particular play could be regarded as a tragedy although not in the normal sense. What I mean when I said ‘tragedy though not in the normal sense† is that usually we associate tragedy from a person with a very high status who in the end had been faced with many problems which led to his failure. However, such had not been the case with this particular play since from the beginning Willy Loman really never had anything good. The brilliance within this play lies with the fact that Miller had been able to portray a certain sense on his audience that tragedy is not for the rich or for the better-off person’s alone. Rather, tragedy is a part of our everyday life and thus it could happen to anyone of us. He had been able to portray that particular part by making the play revolve most on Willy Loman. As a matter of fact, Loman is almost the same as that of being a ‘low man’. The play made use of interplay of two time frames basically that of the past and the present. The protagonist in this story is Willy Loman whose occupation is that of a businessman. Willy had been one of the victims of the so-called American dream and he love competitions. All throughout the play phrases such as ‘well-liked’, ‘I’m going to lose weight’ and the like could be found, and they are repeated numerous time. One may wonder what those repetitions mean. Basically, the significance behind those repetitions lies on the fact that Willy believe that it is the outer appearance which would bring you success and not one’s intelligence per se. For Willy academic performance is of no significance, rather it is being admired and well-liked that really matters. This can be seen from the scenes wherein he often reiterated that Charley and Bernard are both ‘liked’ but not ‘well-liked’. All throughout the play Willy dreamed of being a very popular salesman so that when he dies people all throughout the world would come to pay their respect to him. The reason why he had not been a successful man may lie on the fact that what he tried to sell had not been his goods, rather it was his character. Dave Salesman had been Willy’s role model and he greatly idolizes the man to the point that he wanted his death to be the same as that of Singleman. Miller showed his genius by naming his characters â€Å"Singleman† and â€Å"Loman† since there is a great allegory between the two. Miller named the pleasant salesman as Singleman mainly because he wanted his audience to think of Dave as a single man who had never been committed to anyone and who had never shared his life with his family. In contrast, Loman is almost the same as that of â€Å"low man† which could possibly mean a man with a very low sense of morality and the like. Thus, since Singleman is Loman’s hero it greatly shows the contrast between the two and it also showed Willy’s weird opinion of what success is like. The death of a salesman talks not only of the literal death of Willy who as the story goes committed suicide since it is the only alternative he sees in order to secure his dreams (which re left for his sons to continue), rather the story also talked about the death of Willy’s dream. As mentioned earlier, Willy believes that success lies within being well-liked and being popular. Willy said Charley is not very much well-liked and yet as was seen on the play Charley is very much successful as compared to Willy. One of the main themes of the story is â€Å"the American dream†. Based on Willy’s understanding, what constitutes an â€Å"American Dream† is being well-liked and being attractive which in turn would result in success. However, his bizarre opinion of what success is like led to his own downfall. This blind belief led tom psychological decline which in turn made him daydream a lot. All throughout the scene there’s a constant drift from past to present which often time confuses the audience on which timeframe the casts of the story is in at the moment. However, the use of the two timeframes gave Miller an opportunity to compare and to contrast Willy’s dream and reality. The shift of one timeframe to another also allowed Miller to forbid his audience to have a permanent opinion of his characters since it allowed him to show the characters in the story in pathetic and wicked light alike. However, as Willy experienced a psychological decline the boundary between the past and the present are no longer define and thus both existed in a parallel ground. When Biff informed Willy of his interview with Bill Oliver Willy advised him to demand for a high amount of salary from Oliver claiming that if his son starts big then he would also end big. He also made it a point to impress Oliver with Biff’s personality. This particular scene showed how very unrealistic Willy is. It also contradicted the belief that everyone should start small and work little by little up the corporate ladder since Willy believes that they could all start big since they are a Loman. Thus, this particular advice of Willy to his son proved to be very contradictory. Also, Willy himself did not follow his own advice with his interview with Howard. Whereas he advised his son to ask Oliver for a large amount, he himself did not do that with his interview. Rather, he begged Howard to station him in New York since he can no longer deal with too much traveling. He even said that he is willing to accept a moderate salary. This also showed a great contradiction with Willy’s advice and his own deed. In analyzing stage directions made for Happy â€Å"Sexuality is like a visible color for him†¦Ã¢â‚¬  we could see that Americans wrote plays which show step by step how a character is supposed to act. It also spells their characters age, characteristic and the like. They are very strict in this manner in that they spell everything out down to the smallest detail. In the play, one could see that Willy is a victim of his society, particularly that of capitalism. This can clearly be shown from his interview with Howard, the son of his boss. Since he could no longer produce money, Howard fired him out of his job. All throughout the story we can see Willy’s strong hold on his American dream which served him nothing but misery in the end, and now that he is old and no longer productive he had been thrown out of his job. Another significant part on the movie is the fact that the play is set in post World War II New York City, yet Willy’s flashbacks date back to 1928. The reason behind this is that it was in year 1928 that Willy had been able to sell big time and it was also the year that he bought his Chevrolet. Thus, seeing from this point of view one could clearly justify why most of Willy’s flashbacks happened in that particular year. It was in year 1928 that Willy had been most productive and it may lead him to believe that it is the start of his great career. Biff Loman had been a kleptomaniac on the story. This particular attitude may be attributed to the fact that his father did not tell him that stealing is bad. In one particular act on the play Biff told his father that he stole a football yet Willy did not reprimand his son. Rather he said that as long as Biff is well-liked he would be very successful one day. His father’s belief flowed into him believing that people would easily forgive him for stealing things as long as he is popular. One of the reasons why Biff had been constantly stealing things is the fact that he wanted to please his family. Most of all Biff wanted to impress his father by showing him that he could get anything he wants at whatever cost. What Charley meant when he said in Willy’s requiem that Willy is a â€Å"happy man with a batch of cement† (Miller, Williams, & Paul, 1984) is the fact that Willy had not been doing the things he really want or the things that he is most good at. Willy is not really cut out to be a businessman to begin with rather he could have been better off had he been a gym owner or a sport’s coach. Willy had also been a man who enjoys doing things with his hands (he loves planting) and thus it makes the audiences wonder on whether Willy had been better off had he chosen a more appropriate career for himself. It also pointed out how Willy had never been true to himself. He did not succeed in any way because he is in constant competition and he had always been after commercial success although he is not really good with that particular thing. Commercial success overshadowed personal success and happiness which in turn led to a greater tragedy. Everything about Willy had been wrong from the start. He had the wrong beliefs as well as the wrong dream. He loves gardening and he is good with working with his hands thus if he had chosen another path (probably that of farming) then he may have had a better chance with success. The Parent/Child relationship had been present all throughout the play. Miller clearly showed how a parent’s belief and way of rearing up their children could affect their child all throughout their life. This can be seen clearly with the way Willy passed on his dreams and beliefs to his two sons. Willy’s wrong beliefs had been the primary source why his sons also failed in their lives. In one of the scenes in the play wherein Biff and Willy had been arguing Willy accused his son of ruining his life just to spite him however Biff rebutted him by saying that Willy filled him with hot air which led to his inability of getting any permanent job because he cannot bear taking orders from other people. I think Biff’s claim is more accurate as compared to his father. Of course, it is true that Biff’s disappointment with his father made him lose interest in pursuing his studies however, the main reason why Biff could not really find a good work for himself is because his father made him believe in wrong beliefs particularly that he is far superior to other people. To conclude, the play had been rather interesting because of its clear way of portraying the effects of capitalism. It also showed how wrong beliefs particularly that of beliefs regarding American Dream could lead to the distraction of people. The play also portrayed how the parent/child relationship could affect an individual thus all in all the play is exceptional save for the fact that there are times that the play is rather vague because of the constant interplay between past and present. Reference: Miller, A. , Williams, L. M. , & Paul, K. (1984). Death of a Salesman: Barron’s Educational Series.